Solar hot water heating – The simple way to hot water

For quite some time, solar hot water heating has been the method of choice to fulfill home and business water heating needs. The reasons why are not hard to work out, as the costs of heating water by conventional electrical and fossil fuel methods are much higher. However, it is the practical nature of using the sun to heat water that sticks out.

As far back as the 1920s, homes and businesses (particularly hotels) in the US states of Florida and California were turning to the sun to heat their water.

In the late 1940s, post-war fuel shortages forced some countries to turn to solar water heating and in 1953 Israel started to commercially produce solar water heating systems.

By 1967, 20% of the households in Israel used the power of the sun. That figure has jumped to 85% today following legislation in the 1980s making it mandatory to install solar hot water heating systems in every new home.

Australia, Cyprus, Spain, Japan, Greece and China – where an estimated 30 million homes heat their water by the sun – have all embraced these systems, with an estimated 300,000 systems already installed in the US. The reason for its popularity? Well, depending on the climate that you live in, your system can account for more than four-fifths the cost of heating water.

The technology was much more basic in the 1920s, of course, but the principle today is the same. The sun heats a fluid – either water or an anti-freeze-water solution – which in turn heats water that is sent to where it is needed. Today, there is a greater variety of system options for you; such as those that use a batch collector, a thermosiphon collector or a drainback collector.

However, there are two basic systems when it comes to solar hot water heating; an open loop and a closed loop system. The open loop is by far the most simple in design, heating the water for your home and then distributing it. The close loop is more complex, with water for the home held a storage tank, which is heated by an auxiliary fluid (anti-freeze for example) that is heated by the collector. The collector takes the power from the sun.

How the heated water is transported around the home is based on either an active or a passive system. An active system uses a pump to move it around the building while the passive system uses the natural power of convection, which works on the physical understanding that hot water rises and cold falls.

The best system for you will depend on the climate that you live in, and particularly the number of hours of sunshine that you get. The costs vary accordingly, with prices ranging from USD1,500 to almost USD17,000 based on size and type.

Once you get the right one for you, the results will prove that solar hot water heating is the best form of heating water for your home.

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